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Ips (beetle)
''Ips'' is a genus of beetles in the family Curculionidae, the true weevils. They are bark beetles, members of the subfamily Scolytinae. Species are distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere.〔Birgersson, G., et al. (2012). (Pheromone production, attraction, and interspecific inhibition among four species of ''Ips'' bark beetles in the southeastern USA. ) ''Psyche'' 2012. Article 532652〕 Some are known as introduced species in Australia and Africa.〔Buhroo, A. A. and F. Lakatos. (2011). (Molecular and morphological diagnostic markers for the Himalayan ''Ips'' DeGeer species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). ) ''Zootaxa'' 3128, 47-57.〕 Many species are pests of forest trees, especially pines and spruces.〔(''Ips'' species of the western United States. ) Bark and Wood Boring Beetles of the World. Bugwood Network. 2006.〕 They are known commonly as engraver beetles,〔Cranshaw, W. and D. A. Leatherman. (Ips Beetles. ) Colorado State University Extension. 2013.〕 ips engraver beetles,〔(''Ips'' spp. ) Bark and Wood Boring Beetles of the World. Bugwood Network. 2006.〕〔Eickwort, J. M., et al. (Ips engraver beetles (''Ips'' spp.) ) EENY-388. Entomology and Nematology. University of Florida IFAS. Published 2006, updated 2012.〕 and pine engravers.〔Fairweather, M. L., et al. (Field Guide to Insects and Diseases of Arizona and New Mexico Forests. ) USDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region. 2006.〕
==Description==
Beetles of this genus are cylindrical in shape, 3 to 6.5 millimeters long, and reddish to black in color. The back end of the elytra is concave, and there is a ridge of 3 to 6 large spines on either side of the depression. The number and shape of the spines help to distinguish the species from one another.〔 The genus is distinguished from other groups in the tribe Ipini by the flat, oval shape of the clubs at the tips of the antennae and by details of the concavity in the elytra and of the male genitalia.〔Cognato, A. I. and A. P. Vogler. (2001). (Exploring data interaction and nucleotide alignment in a multiple gene analysis of ''Ips'' (Coleoptera: Scolytinae). ) ''Syst Biol'' 50(6) 758-80.〕
The oblong white eggs are up to a millimeter long. The grub-like larvae are whitish with reddish heads and lack legs.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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